| Aperture |
size of the opening where the light enters the camera. Controls the amount of light received by the sensor. |
| Calibration |
process of estimating a camera's parameters. |
| Focal length / field of view |
this parameter controls the angle of view of the image. |
| Grayscale images |
single channel images that only contain information about the intensity of the light. |
| HLS/HSV |
color model encoding the color with a single value, the hue. The other two values characterize the darkness / colorfulness of the image. |
| Pinhole camera model |
simplified physical model of a camera |
| Resolution |
Number of pixels the image captured by the camera is made of (usually described in mega pixels). |
| Shutter speed |
duration that the sensor is exposed to the light. |