Gyroscope

• Gyroscope

Or gyros, are devices that measure or maintain rotational motion. 

A device that provides information about

- the variation of the orientation of a system with respect to a reference axis

- the angular velocity at which the orientation of a system varies when it is rotating 

- determine the speed of a system(precession)

 

• Micro Electro-Mechanical System(MEMS)

It is small, inexpensive sensors that measure angular velocity.

The units of angular velocity are measured in degrees per second (°/s) or revolutions per second (RPS).

Angular velocity is simply a measurement of speed of rotation.

 

• spatial rigidity

- If we rotate a disk at a certain angular velocity and there are no other forces that generate any torque on the disc, then its angular momentum will be conserved.

- because of this it will continue to rotate on the same axis and therefore maintain its orientation.

 

• precession

A circular motion that is generated when a rotating object is affected by a force that causes it to change its orientation

 

• torsion bar

- It is made to detect movements in the z-axis.

- If the central disk is rotating and the whole system is rotated about the z-axis, the precession will generate a torque on the torsion bar and the frame will rotate slightly marking a value on a conversion scale, allowing the angular

velocity of the system.

 

 

• Formula of translational motion

 

$$ \vec{F} = \frac{^i d\vec{L}}{dt}, \ \ \vec{L} = m\vec{v}_{cm} $$

 

$m$ : mass of rigid

 

${\overrightarrow{v}}_{cm}$ : velocity of mass of rigid

 

$\overrightarrow{L}$ : momentum of linear

 

• Formula of rotational motion

$${\overrightarrow{M}}_{cm}=\frac{{}^{i}d{\overrightarrow{H}}_{cm}}{dt},{\overrightarrow{H}}_{cm}={\overline{I}}_{cm}{\cdot }^i{\overrightarrow{\omega }}^b$$ ${\overrightarrow{M}}_{cm}$ : Moment over the mass

 

${\overline{I}}_{cm}$ : Inertia moment tensor

 

${}^i{\overrightarrow{\omega }}^b$ : angular velocity vector

 

${\overrightarrow{H}}_{cm}$ : angular momentum

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V6XSsNAWg00 

https://learn.sparkfun.com/tutorials/gyroscope/all