6-DOF (Degrees of Freedom) - In 3D space, any rigid body (like a robot or camera) has 6 degrees of freedom: 3 for position → translation in x,y,zx, y, zx,y,z3 for orientation → rotation in roll, pitch, and yawSo the pose is written as a vector:\[ \mathbf{X} = [x, y, z, r, p, h] \] x,y,z: translation in metersr = roll (rotation around x-axis)p = pitch (rotation around y-axis)h = heading or yaw (r..