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abstract class It is desiged for common methods, forcing its implementation. Using an abstract class causes an error if there is no method in the child class that inherited from abstract class. As a result, the abstract class has many advantages, such as being easy to standardize the program and easy to maintain. A class which has abstract method. It only declare the abstract method function by ..

super() : It allows you to use it in the superclass without repeating code. class Rectangle: def __init__(self, length, width, **kwargs): self.length = length self.width = width super().__init__(**kwargs) def area(self): return self.length * self.width def perimeter(self): return 2 * self.length + 2 * self.width # Here we declare that the Square class inherits from # the Rectangle class class Sq..