array # 1D array - shape (3,)arr_1d = np.array([1, 2, 3])# 2D column vector - shape (3, 1)arr_2d_col = np.array([[1], [2], [3]])# 2D row vector - shape (1, 3) arr_2d_row = np.array([[1, 2, 3]]) In here, while (3, 1) means "2 dimensions: 3 rows, 1 column", it is shown as (3, ) in 1D array. That is, it represents a 1D array with 3 elements, not a 2D array with rows and columns. That is, for a 1D ..
